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Journal of Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System
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Article

Adapter proteins and promoter regulation of the angiotensin II type 2 receptor - implications for cardiac pathophysiology

Heiko Funke-Kaiser*, Jana Reinemund, Ulrike M. Steckelings, and Thomas Unger

Center for Cardiovascular Research (CCR)/ Institute of Pharmacology, Charité –Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: heiko.funke-kaiser{at}charite.de.


  Abstract

The angiotensin AT2 receptor (AT2R) represents an important component of the renin-angiotensin system since it is involved in the (patho) physiology of different cardiovascular and neuronal diseases. Furthermore, AT2 receptors can partly mediate beneficial effects of angiotensin AT1 receptor (AT1R) blockers, and direct pharmacological AT2 receptor agonism emerges as a novel therapeutic strategy. This review discusses the constitutive and ligand-mediated activity as well as the signal transduction of the AT2 receptor, focusing on adapter proteins which directly bind to this receptor. Direct protein-protein interaction partners of the AT2 receptor described so far include the transcription factor promyelocytic zinc finger protein, AT2 receptor binding protein and the AT1 receptor. In addition, the putative crosstalk of the AT2 receptor with the renin/prorenin receptor (RER) via the promyelocytic zinc finger protein (PLZF) and the role of oestrogens on the regulation of the AT2 receptor are presented.Conceiving the coupling of the AT2 receptor to different adapter proteins with distinct and partly opposing cellular effects and the implications of its constitutive activity might help to overcome the current controversies on the (patho)physiological role of the AT2 receptor.

First published on September 16, 2009
Journal of Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System 2009, doi:10.1177/1470320309343652
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