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Angiotensin II receptor blockers in chronic heart failure - Not as ELITE as expected!
Colin AJ Farquharson
University Department of Clinical, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK, farquharson@ dundee.ac.uk
Allan D Struthers
University Department of Clinical, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK
Key Words: heart failure mortality angiotensin II angiotensin converting enzyme
References
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- Pitt B., Poole-Wilson P., Segal R. et al. Effects of Losartan versus Captopril on mortality in patients with symptomatic heart failure: rationale, design, and baseline characteristics of patients in the Losartan Heart Failure Survival Study - ELITE II. J Cardiac Failure 1999;5:146-154.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline]
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- Pfeffer M., Swedberg K., Granger C. et al. Candesartan in Heart failure Assessment of Reduction in Mortality and morbidity (CHARM). J Cardiac Failure 1999;5:276-282.[CrossRef][Medline]
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- Dickstein K., Kjekshus J., OPTIMAAL Study Group Comparison of the effects of losartan and captopril on mortality in patients following acute myocardial infarction: the OPTIMAAL trial design. Optimal Therapy in Myocardial Infarction with the Angiotensin II Antagonist Losartan. Am J Cardiol 1999;83:477-481.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline]
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- Cohn JN,Tognoni G., Glazer RD et al. Rationale and design of the Valsartan Heart Failure Trial: a large multinational trial to assess the effects of valsartan, an angiotensin-receptor blocker, on morbidity and mortality in chronic congestive heart failure. J Cardiac Failure 1999;5:155-160.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline]
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- McKelvie RS,Yusuf S., Pericak D. et al. Comparison of candesartan, enalapril and their combination in congestive heart failure: Randomised Evaluation of Strategies for Left Ventricular Dysfunction (RESOLVD) Pilot Study. Circulation 1999;100:1056-1064.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
- Rousseau MF, Konstam MA, Benedict CR et al. Progression of left ventricular dysfunction secondary to coronary artery disease, sustained neurohormonal activation and effects of ibopamine therapy during long-term therapy with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. Am J Cardiol 1994;73:489-493.
- Urata H., Boehm KD, Phillip A. et al. Cellular localisation and regional distribution of an angiotensin II-forming chymase in the heart. J Clin Invest 1993;91:1269-1281.[Web of Science][Medline]
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- Seyedi N.,Win T.,Lander HM, Levi R. Bradykinin B2-receptor activation augments norepinephrine exocytosis from cardiac sympathetic nerve endings. Mediation by autocrine / paracrine mechanisms. Circ Res 1997;81:774-784.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
- Minisi AJ, Thames MD Distribution of left ventricular sympathetic afferent demonstrated by reflex responses to transmural myocardial ischaemia and to intracoronary and epicardial bradykinin. Circulation 1993;87:240-246.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
Journal of Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System, Vol. 1, No. 1,
21-22 (2000)
DOI: 10.3317/jraas.2000.003

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