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Reduction of resistance artery stiffness by treatment with the AT1-receptor antagonist losartan in essential hypertension

MRC Multidisciplinary Research Group on Hypertension, Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, 110 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H2W 1R7

Hope D Intengan

MRC Multidisciplinary Research Group on Hypertension, Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, 110 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H2W 1R7

Ernesto L Schiffrin

MRC Multidisciplinary Research Group on Hypertension, Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, 110 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H2W 1R7, schiffe@ ircm.qc.ca

In spontaneously hypertensive rats resistance artery structure, endothelial dysfunction and geometry-independent wall stiffness were reduced by an angiotensin AT₁-receptor antagonist. In previous studies of human hypertension, interruption of the renin-angiotensin system corrected small artery structure and endothelial dysfunction, whereas the β-blocker atenolol did not. We hypothesized that the AT₁R antagonist losartan, but not the β-blocker atenolol, would reduce stiffness of gluteal subcutaneous small arteries in essential hypertensive patients. Seventeen untreated mild essential hypertensive patients (47±2years; 75% male) were randomly assigned in double-blind fashion to losartan or atenolol treatment for one year. Small, resistance size arteries were studied on pressurized myographs. Blood pressure (mmHg) was reduced (p<0.01) from 145±4/101±2 and 147±6/98±2 to 128±4/86±2 and 131±3/84±1 by losartan and atenolol, respectively.The media/lumen ratio of small arteries was unaffected by atenolol (8.3±0.3% before and 8.8±0.5% after treatment). In contrast, losartan reduced media/lumen ratio from 8.4±0.4% to 6.7±0.3% (p<0.01). Whereas isobaric elastic modulus was unaffected by either treatment, geometry-independent stiffness (slope of elastic modulus vs. stress) was reduced from 9.7±1.2 to 6.1±0.9 (P<0.05) under losartan treatment, but was unchanged by atenolol (8.2±1.3 to 7.8±0.6). In conclusion, treatment with losartan reduced stiffness and structural alterations of subcutaneous resistance arteries of previously untreated essential hypertensive patients, whereas atenolol failed to do so.

Key Words: angiotensin type 1 receptor antagonist • vascular mechanics • compliance • distensibility • elasticity • elastic modulus • remodeling • hypertrophy

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Journal of Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System, Vol. 1, No. 1, 40-45 (2000)
DOI: 10.3317/jraas.2000.009


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This Article Abstract Free Full Text (Free PDF) Free Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Add to Saved Citations Download to citation manager Request Permissions Request Reprints Add to My Marked Citations Citing Articles Citing Articles via Google Scholar Citing Articles via Scopus Google Scholar Articles by Jeong Bae Park Articles by Schiffrin, E. L Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Jeong Bae Park, Articles by Schiffrin, E. L Pubmed/NCBI databases Compound via MeSH Substance via MeSH Medline Plus Health Information Blood Pressure Medicines High Blood Pressure Hazardous Substances DB LOSARTAN POTASSIUM Social Bookmarking                         What's this?